Circuit Principle:
GPS module calculates the position by reading the signals that are transmitted by the satellites. Each satellite transmits the messages continuously which contains time was sent. GPS receiver measures the distance to each satellite based on the arrival time of each message. This information is used to calculate the position of the GPS receiver. The received raw data is converted for the user as LATITUDE, LONGITUDE, ALTITUDE, SPEED and TIME.
Circuit Diagram:
Circuit Components:
at89c51 controller Programming board programming cable 12V DC battery or adaptor max232 IC 16*2 LCD GPS module Pot 10k 12 MHz crystal Electrolytic capacitors – 1uF (4), 10u Ceramic capacitors – 33pF (2) Resistor – 10k
Circuit Design:
In the above circuit, LCD (Liquid crystal display) data pins are connected to PORT2 of the controller and control pins RS, RW and EN are connected to the P1.0, P1.1 and P1.2 respectively. The latitude and longitude values of the location are displayed on LCD. Here pot RV1 is used to adjust the contrast of LCD. The receiver pin of GPS module is connected to the 13th pin of max232 IC and GND pin is connected to ground. Controller RXD pin is connected to the 12th pin of max232. Here max232 IC is used for level conversion. The GPS receiver continuously transmits the data as per the NMEA standards using RS232 protocol. In this NMEA format, the LATITUDE and LONGITUDE values of location are available in GPRMC sentence. In this project LATITUDE and LONGITUDE values are extracted from NMEA format and displayed on LCD. We have to receive the data to the controller form GPS module serially using UART protocol and now extract the latitude and longitude values from the received messages and display them on LCD. Extraction of Latitude and Longitude values from NMEA Format: The first received 6 characters from GPS module are compared with string $GPRMC, if matched then will go for further process otherwise repeat the same process again. If string is matched then wait till you will get two 2 commas, next character indicates weather the GPS is activated or not. If this character is A then GPS is activated otherwise GPS is not activated. Now again wait till you get comma (,). The next 9 characters indicate the LATITUDE. Wait till you get 2 more commas (,) the next 10 characters indicates the LONGITUDE. If you want to check the latitude and longitude values of the location without any coding, then use Trimble studio software. This software directly provides latitude, longitude, altitude, speed, time and date when you interface GPS module. Even it provides your location in Google maps. The below function is used to extract the LATITUDE and LONGITUDE values from the NMEA format. void gps () { unsigned int LAT[9], LON[10]; unsigned char Temp, i; if (rx_data() == ‘$’) { if( rx_data() == ‘G’) { if (rx_data() == ‘P’) { if (rx_data() == ‘R’) { if (rx_data() == ‘M’) { if (rx_data() == ‘C’) { while (rx_data() != ‘,’); while (rx_data() != ‘,’); /checking for “A” condition/ Temp = rx_data(); if (Temp == ‘A’||Temp == ‘V’) { while (rx_data() != ‘,’); /latitude values/ LCDCmd (0x80); for (i=0; i<9; i++) { LAT[i] = rx_data(); LCDData (LAT[i]); } while (rx_data() != ‘,’); while (rx_data() != ‘,’); /longitude values/ LCDCmd (0xc0); for (i=0; i<10; i++) { LON[i] = rx_data(); LCDData (LON[i]); } } }}}}}} }
Circuit Simulation Video:
How to Operate?
Project Output Video:
Circuit Applications:
This system is used in marine navigation, car navigation and fleet management Used in tracking devices and mapping devices Used in personal positioning This project is used in embedded system applications to find out the location.
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